搜索结果: 46-60 共查到“预防医学与卫生学 humans”相关记录82条 . 查询时间(0.073 秒)
Urea-nitrogen production and salvage are modulated by protein intake in fed humans: results of an oral stable-isotope-tracer protocol and compartmental modeling
stable-isotope-tracer protocol compartmental modeling
2016/12/30
The influence of protein source on postprandial urea kinetics is poorly understood, despite its nutritional significance with respect to nitrogen homeostasis. Furthermore, traditional tracer infusion ...
Mixed tocopherols inhibit platelet aggregation in humans: potential mechanisms
Platelets platelet aggregation tocopherols
2016/12/29
Epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse correlation between acute coronary events and high intake of dietary vitamin E. Recent clinical studies, however, failed to show any beneficial effects of α...
Addition of inulin to a moderately high-carbohydrate diet reduces hepatic lipogenesis and plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in humans
Inulin stable isotopes cholesterol
2016/12/29
A high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet is recommended for the prevention of atherosclerosis, because it reduces plasma cholesterol concentrations. However, such a diet can increase plasma triacylglycerol c...
A novel dual radio- and stable-isotope method for measuring calcium absorption in humans: comparison with the whole-body radioisotope retention method
Calcium absorption radioisotopes 47Ca
2016/12/29
The objective was to compare a dual-isotope method combining radioisotopes and stable isotopes with a whole-body radioisotope retention method for measuring calcium absorption.
No enhancing effect of vitamin A on iron absorption in humans
Vitamin A retinyl palmitate iron absorption
2016/12/27
Vitamin A and β-carotene were recently reported to enhance iron absorption by counteracting the inhibitory effect of phytic acid in cereal-based meals and of polyphenol-containing beverages on nonheme...
Isotopic tracer techniques for studying the bioavailability and bioefficacy of dietary carotenoids, particularly β-carotene, in humans: a review
Stable isotopes carbon isotopes radioisotopes
2016/12/27
Vitamin A deficiency is a serious health problem in many developing countries. Provitamin A carotenoids in fruit and vegetables are the major source of vitamin A for a large proportion of the world’s ...
Coffee acutely modifies gastrointestinal hormone secretion and glucose tolerance in humans: glycemic effects of chlorogenic acid and caffeine
insulin phenolic acids polyphenols
2017/1/4
Accumulating evidence suggests that certain dietary polyphenols have biological effects in the small intestine that alter the pattern of glucose uptake. Their effects, however, on glucose tolerance in...
Does low meat consumption increase life expectancy in humans?
Vegetarians aging epidemiology
2017/1/4
Since meat products represent a major source of protein in the Western diet, findings on whether meat intake significantly contributes to the burden of fatal disease have important clinical and public...
Effect of orange juice intake on vitamin C concentrations and biomarkers of antioxidant status in humans
Orange juice vitamin C bioavailability
2017/1/4
The objectives were to assess the bioavailability of vitamin C from orange juice and its influence on plasma vitamin C and 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α) concentrations in a healthy human popul...
Calorie restriction and aging: review of the literature and implications for studies in humans
Dietary restriction energy expenditure aging
2017/1/4
Calorie restriction (CR) extends life span and retards age-related chronic diseases in a variety of species, including rats, mice, fish, flies, worms, and yeast. The mechanism or mechanisms through wh...
Effect of malnutrition and short-term refeeding on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitochondrial complex I activity in humans
peripheral blood mononuclear cells mitochondria complex I
2017/1/3
Previous investigations in rats have shown that the first enzyme of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (complex I) is altered in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and muscle by dietar...
Fatty acid composition of skeletal muscle reflects dietary fat composition in humans
n-3 Fatty acids monounsaturated fatty acids saturated fatty acids skeletal muscle phospholipids skeletal muscle triacylglycerols diet adults fish oil
2016/12/20
Background: It is still unknown whether the fatty acid composition of human skeletal muscle lipids is directly influenced by the fat composition of the diet.
Objective: We investigated whet...
Contribution of caffeine to the homocysteine-raising effect of coffee:a randomized controlled trial in humans
Caffeine paper-filtered coffee homocysteine B vitamins crossover experiment
2016/12/20
Background: A high plasma total homocysteine concentration is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Consumption of unfiltered or filtered coffee raises total homocysteine conc...
Indicators of marginal biotin deficiency and repletion in humans:validation of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid excretion and a leucine challenge
Biotin leucine metabolism 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid bisnorbiotin egg whites
2016/12/19
Background: The results of clinical studies have provided evidence that marginal biotin deficiency is more common than was previously thought. A previous study of 10 subjects showed that the urin...
Cocoa procyanidins are stable during gastric transit in humans
Cocoa chocolate flavonoid procyanidin flavanol epicatechin catechin stomach gastric pH absorption
2016/12/19
Background: Polyphenolic procyanidins are abundant flavonoid polymers in Western diets. In vitro biological activity has been reported for these compounds, but activity in vivo depends on the amo...