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Modeling increases in snowmelt yield and desynchronization resulting from forest gap-thinning treatments in a northern mountain headwater basin
snowmelt yield desynchronization resulting mountain headwater basin
2014/4/3
A physically based model built upon extensive field observations of radiation dynamics
and snow processes in cold regions forest environments was used to investigate the impacts
of prescribed ...
Multi-variable evaluation of hydrological model predictions for a headwater basin in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
Multi-variable evaluation Canadian Rocky Mountains
2014/4/3
One of the purposes of the Cold Regions Hydrological Modelling platform (CRHM) is to diagnose inadequacies in the understanding of the hydrological cycle and its
simulation. A physically based hydrol...
Estimating Precipitation Phase using a Psychrometric Energy Balance Method: Tests in a Canadian Rockies Headwaters Catchment
snowfall rainfall, precipitation phase change Canadian Rockies energy balance model
2014/4/3
Precipitation phase is fundamental to catchment hydrological response to precipitation events in
cold regions and is especially variable over time and space in mountains. Phase is controlled by
t...
Characteristics of the Near-Surface Boundary Layer within a Mountain Valley during Winter
Winter Near-Surface Boundary Layer Characteristics
2014/4/3
Within mountainous regions, estimating the exchange of sensible heat and water vapor between the surface
and the atmosphere is an important but inexact endeavor. Measurements of the turbulence charac...
Implications of mountain shading on calculating energy for snowmelt using unstructured triangular meshes
solar radiation shading mountains triangulated irregular networks unstructured mesh radiation modelling Canadian Rockies
2014/4/3
In many parts of the world, snowmelt energetics is dominated by solar irradiance. This is particularly the case in the Canadian
Rocky Mountains, where clear skies dominate the winter and spring. In m...
Sensitivity of snowmelt hydrology in Marmot Creek, Alberta, to forest cover disturbance
forest snow Canadian Rocky Mountains pine beetle fi re clear-cutting
2014/4/3
A model including slope effects on snow redistribution, interception and energetics was developed using the Cold Regions
Hydrological Model platform, parameterized with minimal calibration and manipu...
越南巴达棱湾沿岸海域周年风和浪的观测分析
巴达棱湾 季风 波谱
2012/3/9
基于国内首次在越南巴达棱湾2007年5月—2008年4月的风、浪现场实测资料, 对该海区的风和浪的基本特征进行了初步统计分析, 得出如下结论: 1)海区季风现象明显, 冬季(夏季)盛行东北(西南)季风, 东北季风强度大于西南季风强度; 2)海区波向与风向基本一致, 即冬季(夏季)常浪向和强浪向均是E(SSW)向浪; 3)海区以风浪为主, 波谱表现为多峰结构, 主峰多为单峰和双峰结构, 东北季风(西...
利用美国国家海洋大气管理局2007年发布的全球海域温、盐数据库资料, 美国地球物理数据中心2006年发布的海底地形数据库资料以及日本海洋科学与技术机构2003年发布的1997—2002年东海地区月平均降水量资料, 研究东海黑潮表层盐度的月季分布特征, 并分析其影响因素。结果表明, 东海黑潮表层盐度存在明显的月季变化特征。总体而言, 12月至次年3月表层盐度高, 6—9月表层盐度低, 4、5月和10...
本地水汽比外来水汽容易在本地形成降水的若干证据
本地水汽 外来水汽 降水 证据
2015/6/4
根据本地水汽与外来水汽物理性能参数平均值的不同，作者认为本地水汽比外来水汽容易在本地形成降水，这样的论点突破了现有气象科学的个别观点，比较“另类”，有充分论证的必要。湖泊效应、绿洲效应和沙漠化效应都证明本地水汽比外来水汽容易在本地形成降水；我国非湿润地区外来水汽的表象变雨率不到湿润地区的1/3、近几十年来天山南北气候变化与冰川变化之间的因果逻辑关系、青海湖附近的客观现实等三个自然现象从不侧面进一步...
基于无线电探空资料反演大气水汽资源的垂直层结特征
大气水汽资源 无线电探空 韦伯分布 指数分布
2011/12/16
利用1999—2009年的探空资料分析北京地区对流层大气水汽资源的垂直层结特征,采用韦伯和指数分布拟合大气水汽密度的概率密度函数。初步结果表明,各层拟合均通过卡方拟合优度检验,拟合相关系数高,精度高,均方根误差小;韦伯和指数拟合平均相关系数分别为0.93、0.95;拟合均方根误差分别为0.009、 0.01 g/m3,北京地区大气水汽资源的垂直分布符合指数分布规律;有降水时,对流层水汽密度有一定的...
利用北京地区1724—2009年降水资料,首先做了趋势分析和突变检验,之后采用Morlet小波函数,对该地区近300 a来降水的年际变化时间序列进行了小波分析,揭示了该区降水变化的多时间尺度的周期性变化规律,并根据主周期对未来降水变化进行了预测。结果表明,北京地区年降水量有缓慢增大的趋势,但并不显著。1744、1809、1894和1996年为该系列降雨量减少突变点,1777、1870和1948年为...
漳卫河流域水文循环过程对气候变化的响应
漳卫河流域 气候变化 水文循环 SWAT模型
2011/12/15
气候变化对我国各地区水资源影响的时空格局变化,是气候变化影响评估的重要内容。论文以漳卫河为研究流域,采用线性回归法、Mann-Kendall非参数检验等方法,分析了1957—2001年的水文气象要素变化特征;基于数字高程模型、土地利用和土壤类型等资料,建立了SWAT分布式水文模型,验证了SWAT模型在该流域的适用性;根据IPCC第四次评估报告多模式结果,分析了IPCC SRES-A2、A1B、B1...
Effects of needleleaf forest cover on radiation and snowmelt dynamics in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
radiation snowmelt dynamics Canadian Rocky Mountains
2014/4/3
Radiation is the main energy source for snowpack warming and melt in mountain needleleaf forests, and runoff
from these forests is the main contributor to spring river flows in western North America....
1960-2006年闽江流域径流演变特征
径流 Mann-Kendall 经验模态分解 闽江流域
2011/12/15
基于闽江流域1960-2006年逐月径流、降水以及气温等资料,应用Mann-Kendall趋势分析、经验模态分解等方法,探讨流域径流演变规律及其对气象要素变化的响应特征。结果表明:①闽江流域年径流呈上升趋势,其上升主要来自非汛期径流的贡献;秋季和冬季径流始终以上升趋势为主;夏季径流20世纪90年代以来呈上升趋势,而春季径流则呈现下降趋势。②流域降水和气温均存在上升趋势,尤以气温上升为显著;径流的上...
Evapotranspiration modelling at large scale using near-real time MSG SEVIRI derived data
Evapotranspiration modelling using near-real MSG SEVIRI
2011/3/15
We present an evapotranspiration (ET) model developed in the framework of the EUMETSAT "Satellite Application Facility" (SAF) on Land Surface Analysis (LSA). The model is a simplified Soil-Vegetation-...