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Collisional evolution and reddening of asteroid surfaces–I. The problem of conflicting time-scales and the role of size-dependent effects
meteorites meteors meteoroids–minor planets asteroids: general
2015/12/25
Space weathering is the generic term used for processes that modify the optical properties of surfaces of atmosphereless rocky bodies under exposure to the space environment. The general agreement abo...
A numerical model of cohesion in planetary rings
Planetary rings Saturn, Rings Rotational dynamics Tides, Solid body Ices, Mechanical properties Collisional physics
2015/12/25
We present a numerical method that incorporates particle sticking in simulations using the N-body code pkdgrav to study motions in a local rotating frame, such as a patch of a planetary ring. Particle...
Rotational fission of trans-Neptunian objects:the case of Haumea
Kuiper belt general – Kuiper belt objects individual Haumea – minor planets, asteroids general
2015/12/25
We present several lines of evidence, based on different kinds of observations, and we conclude that it is likely that rotational fission has occurred for a fraction of the known trans-Neptunian objec...
Numerical simulations of granular dynamics:I. Hard-sphere discrete element method and tests
Asteroids, Surfaces Collisional physics Geological processes Regoliths
2015/12/25
We present a new particle-based (discrete element) numerical method for the simulation of granular dynamics, with application to motions of particles on small solar system body and planetary surfaces....
Asteroids are leftover pieces from the era of planet formation that help us understand conditions in the early Solar System. Unlike larger planetary bodies that were subject to global thermalmodificat...
The Asteroid Veritas:An intruder in a family named after it?
Asteroids Asteroids, Composition Collisional physics Impact processes
2015/12/25
The Veritas family is located in the outer main belt and is named after its apparent largest constituent, Asteroid (490) Veritas. The family age has been estimated by two independent studies to be qui...
Asteroids:equilibrium shapes of rotating gravitational aggregates
Asteroids shapes–Numerical simulations–Solar System evolution
2015/12/25
Many evidences lead us to think that a significant portion of asteroids are aggregates of boulders kept together by gravity, with little or no contribution from cohesive forces. The standard hydrodyna...
Experimental determination of the coefficient of restitution for meter-scale granite spheres
Asteroids Collisional physics Experimental techniques Planetary formation Planetary rings
2015/12/25
We present results of a series of large-scale experiments to measure the coefficient of restitution for 1-m-diameter rocky bodies in impacts with collision speeds up to 1.5 m s1. The experiments wer...
FORMATION OF KUIPER BELT BINARIES BY GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE
Kuiper Belt general – planets and satellites formation – protoplanetary disks
2015/12/25
A large fraction of {approx}100 km class low-inclination objects in the classical Kuiper Belt (KB) are binaries with comparable masses and a wide separation of components. A favored model for their fo...
Fragment properties at the catastrophic disruption threshold:The effect of the parent body’s internal structure
Asteroids Collisional physics Asteroids, Composition
2015/12/25
Numerical simulations of asteroid breakups, including both the fragmentation of the parent body and the gravitational interactions between the fragments, have allowed us to reproduce successfully the ...
AN ANALYTIC PARAMETERIZATION OF SELF-GRAVITY WAKES IN SATURN’S RINGS, WITH APPLICATION TO OCCULTATIONS AND PROPELLERS
planets and satellites individual (Saturn)–planets and satellites rings
2015/12/25
We have developed a semianalytic method of parameterizing N-body simulations of self-gravity wakes in Saturn’s rings, describing their photometric properties by means of only six numbers: three optica...
RUBBLE-PILE RESHAPING REPRODUCES OVERALL ASTEROID SHAPES
methods N-body simulations–minor planets asteroids–planets satellites formation–gravitation
2015/12/25
There have been attempts in the past to fit the observed bulk shapes (axial ratios) of asteroids to theoretical equilibrium figures for fluids, but these attempts have not been successful in many case...
Planetesimals to protoplanets–II. Effect of debris on terrestrial planet formation
methods N-body simulations–methods numerical–Solar system formation–planetary systems formation
2015/12/25
In this paper, we extend our numerical method for simulating terrestrial planet formation to include dynamical friction from the unresolved debris component. In the previous work, we implemented a rub...
Asteroid rotation and shapes from numerical simulations of gravitational re-accumulation
Asteroids Asteroid formation Asteroid evolution Collisions
2015/12/25
We present simulations of the gravitational collapse of a mono-disperse set of spherical particles for studying shape and spin properties of re-accumulated members of asteroid families. Previous numer...
Numerical simulations of asteroids modelled as gravitational aggregates with cohesion
Asteroid structure Asteroid dynamics Asteroid satellites Collisional physics Impact processes
2015/12/25
Evidence is mounting that asteroids larger than a few hundred metres in diameter are gravitational aggregates of smaller, cohesive pieces. For example, images of 25143 Itokawa show aboulder-strewn sur...