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随着人口老龄化程度的加深，养老服务已经成为政府和全社会关注的重大民生工程。其中，基本养老服务制度建设成为一个关键议题。文章认为，如果这一关键议题不搞清楚，势必会影响养老服务的路径选择，甚至影响所选择的养老服务的发展路线和发展道路是否顺畅。为此，文章结合已经出台的养老服务政策，首先，从社会政策理论的角度阐明在什么情况下要建立基本养老制度，以及社会福利体制与基本养老服务制度建设的关系；其次，对养老服务...
对“单独二孩”政策新的认识与思考
“单独二孩”政策 生育意愿 终身生育水平 时期生育水平
2016/11/11
随着“单独二孩”政策落地，生育政策再次成为社会热点，各种说法频出，有必要更广泛、深入的讨论。文章在对“单独二孩”政策实施后一年来相关研究成果进行梳理和总结的基础上，从妇女终身生育水平和生育地区差异的角度，对“单独二孩”政策进行了新的解读，并从多个侧面展开了政策思考。研究表明：妇女的终身生育水平没有从时期生育水平看到的那么低，中国尚谈不上已陷入“超低生育率陷阱”，地区差异大仍然是中国人口生育的基本特...
中国出生人口的新变化与趋势
中国出生人口 “单独二孩”政策 生育率 出生性别比
2016/11/11
2014年，“单独二孩”政策在全面启动实施，中国出生人口迎来了两个新变化：一是出生人口性别比大幅降落，二是出生人口总数大幅上升。面对生育政策的新调整和出生人口的新变化，有必要对中国人口的生育现状及其未来变动趋势加以探讨。文章通过分析“单独二孩”政策实施效果讨论了中国人口的生育现状，并在此基础上对未来短期内中国生育水平的发展趋势加以推断。研究显示，到目前为止，“单独二孩”政策实施效果符合预期；依据全...
人口年龄结构变化影响城乡居民消费率的效应差异研究——来自中国省级面板数据的证据
少儿抚养比 老年抚养比 城乡居民消费率
2016/11/11
文章通过扩展世代交叠模型,考察了人口年龄结构变化对一国居民消费率的影响。基于2000~2013年中国省级面板数据,系统广义矩估计和门槛回归结果表明:在城镇地区,少儿抚养比和老年抚养比对消费率均产生正向影响,且该正向影响都随收入增长率的提高而减弱;而在农村地区,少儿抚养比和老年抚养比对消费率均产生负效应,少儿抚养比的负效应随收入增长率的提高而增强,老年抚养比的负效应却呈现"倒U型"特征。研究结论表明...
我国城乡居民健康素养现状及对策
健康素养 全国健康素养调查 城乡居民
2016/11/11
2013年我国城乡居民健康素养水平为9.48%,农村居民为6.92%,城市居民为13.80%;东部地区居民健康素养水平为12.81%,西部地区为6.93%,中部地区为7.10%;女性健康素养水平为9.73%,男性为9.23%。以知、信、行为导向,城乡居民基本健康知识和理念素养为20.42%、基本技能素养为12.47%、健康生活方式与行为素养为10.62%。以健康问题为导向,城乡居民慢性病防治素养1...
Age-Linked Institutions and Age Reporting among Older African Americans
Age-Linked Institutions Age Reporting Older African Americans
2016/3/18
With economic and technological development, numerical age became an important dimension of social differentiation in the United States. The vast majority of Americans now have the ability to report t...
The Accuracy of Age Reporting among Elderly African Americans:Evidence of a Birth Registration Effect
Age Reporting Elderly African Americans Birth Registration
2016/3/18
This paper expands on previous research that has documented relatively high levels of inconsistency in age information for elderly African Americans. Drawing on a sample of death certificates for Mary...
Consistency of Age Reporting on Death Certificates and Social Security Administration Records among Elderly African-American Decedents
African-Americans death certificate age reporting vital statistics Social Security Administration
2016/3/18
This paper investigates the quality of age reporting in vital statistics and Social Security/Medicare data among elderly African-Americans. The authors examine whether the deathcertificate or Social S...
Alzheimer's Disease as a Cause of Death in the U.S.:Estimates and Projections
Alzheimer's Disease Cause of Death U.S.
2016/3/18
The phrase "the demography of Alzheimer's disease" may be the best litmus test to distinguish demographers from epidemiologists. A typical reaction to this phrase from ademographer is "why Alzheimer's...
Are Educational Differentials In Mortality Increasing in the United States?
Educational Differentials Mortality Increasing the United States
2016/3/18
Because of the value that i ndividuals place on health and longevity, levels of mortality are among the most central indicators of social and economic well-being. Analysts are concerned not only with ...
Self-Medication and Health Insurance Coverage in Mexico
Self-medication Health insurance Mexico
2016/3/18
Self-medication is a common practice in many developing countries but little is known about its determinants. This study analyzes the factors that are associated with the use of self-medication in Mex...
Commitment,Risk,and Consumption:Do Birds of a Feather Have Bigger Nests?
Commitment Risk Consumption Feather Nests
2016/3/18
We show that incorporating consumption commitments into a standard model of precautionarysaving can complicate the usual relationship between risk and consumption. Inparticular, the presence of plausi...
Sex Mortality Differentials in the United States:The Role of Cohort Smoking Patterns
Sex differentials Mortality Cigarette smoking
2016/3/18
This paper demonstrates that, over the period 1948-2003, sex differentials in mortality in the age range 50-54 to 85+ widened and then narrowed on a cohort rather than on a period basis. The cohort wi...
Pension Supervision:Key Policy Issues from International Experience
Pension Supervision Policy Issues International Experience
2016/3/18
Creating and maintaining effective pension regulatory and supervisory structures that securethe interests of the participants and beneficiaries is crucial for systemic stability andeconomic growth. Th...
The Impact of Health Status and Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenditures on Annuity Valuation
Health Status Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenditures Annuity Valuation
2016/3/18
This paper describes how differences in health status at retirement can influence the decision to purchase a life annuity. We extend previous research on annuitization decisions by incorporating the e...